Dow Plunges 680 Points as Recession Is Declared

The evidence of a recession has been widespread for months: slower production, stagnant wages and hundreds of thousands of lost jobs.



But the nonpartisan National Bureau of Economic Research, charged with making the call for the history books, waited until now to make it official -- and the announcement came on a day when the American stock market fell nearly 9 percent in a single session.

The sharp declines on Wall Street -- the Dow Jones industrial average dropped 679.95 points or 7.7 percent -- appeared more about profit-taking than the economy. Investors have long assumed that the country was in recession, and analysts said that after last week's gains, including the biggest five-day rally in decades, a sell-off was to be expected.

Still, Monday's losses were striking, and they reminded investors that nothing can be predicted in today's environment. The major indexes fell by hundreds of points from the start, led by huge declines in shares of financial firms. Citigroup, Merrill Lynch and Morgan Stanley shares all dropped nearly 20 percent. Most other major Wall Street banks were also in double-digit percentage declines.